Marcela Vergara
DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUISTIC SKILLS IN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN PUBLIC EDUCATION
IDENTIFYING
A RESEARCH
Education in Colombia has been implementing new
strategies for learning foreign languages such as English, from my experience
in public schools I have noticed that schools focus more on teaching a grammar
than on developing language skills, for this reason it is important to
implement activities that they are allied to the grammar but that at the same
time it is possible to develop the skills of learning English. The use of
different didactics and activities such as short conversations, plays and so
on. It helps them acquire skills that will serve them in the workplace.
JUSTIFYING
IT
Colombia one of the countries in Latin America one
of the lowest results in the English language according to the Education
Program of the Inter-American Dialogue together with Pearson, although it shows
a high level of interest in learning this second language, the expectations and
the Desired levels (Ariel Fiszbein), But public education in Colombia has a
disadvantage compared to private schools because the lack of teachers trained
to give this class means that students do not obtain the required level;
additionally many teachers are based on teaching grammar, but not on developing
language skills and today is very important for job performance. Students and
teachers are limited hours of teaching in many places are only two hours per
week and this causes the student to have a setback when it comes to learning.
SPECIFYING A PURPOSE
Educational System advances, implementing new
methods, tools and each with a purpose, according to the Ministry of National
Education (MEN) eleventh grade students must exit with a B1 level in second
language, based on a survey that is conducted in a public school of which 20
people (annex 1) were taken from the
same institution, we can conclude that public education is not implementing new
teaching methods and that every year are the same activities, students say they
have never done activities where they can learn of speaking skill, they limit
themselves to copying texts and filling spaces. Another drawback is the number
of hours per week, as they say they only have two hours per week and sometimes
teachers change the subject of English for another subject.
The need to have a development plan that is
efficient to get the desired level is still far away, if teachers continue to
focus only on grammar and forgetting the vitality of other skills, we know that
all is a core and at the same time the inputs They help outings. Maintaining a
weekly intensity level in public schools Colombia will no longer be in the last
places in the world tests such as the Pearson test. Most public schools have
extensive facilities where you can perform different activities and a computer
room that attracts a lot of attention from students.
Knowing that technological tools play an important
role in education, these resources should be maximized.
One of the advantages of education is the diversity
of activities that can be done to teach the different subjects during each
period, knowing that each subject can apply each of the different skills such
as writing, speaking, listening and reading. . Good classroom skills and
creativity play a fundamental role when it comes to education.
Three research questions
Why is important the linguistic develop in
the classroom?
What are the factors counter linguistic
develop?
Why the second language can help us?TWO IMPORTANTS ARTICLES
IMPLEMENTATION
OF BILINGUAL SCHOOLING IN THE SPANISH EDUCATION SYSTEM: TOWARDS A EUROPEAN
QUALITY EDUCATION
During the last decades Spain has been developing
methods of how to implement the second language through different programs,
ages and levels; arriving in this way to give a few guidelines of how it would
be taught. From this point of view, they primp that a bilingual staff is
considered when it has reached a level B1 according to the CEFR, which means
that the person speaks fluently and is usually used by Hammer and Blanc (1989).
When it comes to learning a second language, it should be noted that it covers
multiple dimensions such as communicative skills and cognitive organization of
both languages; two ways of learning a second language that are acquisition and
learning, when speaking of an acquisition is because it is done in an
unconscious way, it is very similar to the process of the mother tongue, in
terms of learning is that which is programmed by means of educational lessons
The language acquisition programs are oriented so that the student acquires a
skill allowing a communicative exchange.
IS
COLOMBIA BECOMING BILINGUAL? ANALYSIS OF THE ACADEMIC GAP IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
EDUCATION BETWEEN THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS
Since the end of the twentieth
century, Colombia has been transforming the educational system of the public
sector, since it has occupied the last positions in Latin America with regard
to the second language as is the English case since according to the CEFR the
level was in A-, an additional study was done where it showed that 40% of
teachers do not reach B1 level, due to the results, the government declared
that the study of a foreign language would be compulsory for students of basic
and secondary education, that is why launched the National Bilingualism Program
(2004-2009), Ministry of National Education, (ley 115 of 1994), studies have
shown that the relationship of education-income go together (Burgos, 2011),
education is divided into three factors: personal conditions, family conditions
and school environment, each of them mentioning the different aspects that
should be taken into account at the time of educational development, and that
is that Colombian population is divided by socioeconomic stratum, rural or
urban area, public and private schools. Although the government has put several
projects for the acquisition of a second language, it is evident that the
private sector continues to dominate the list of the best results in the ICFES
tests; The ICFES is a test that is done at the national level to determine how
students are in knowledge, a test that has also had to go through several
modifications such as: before 2007 for the students it was not obligatory to
present the test of languages including English, French and German, After
2007, it was mandatory to present at least English. As a result, it is said
that the lack of motivation for teachers and students has led to low
performance and the result of acquiring a second language. This means that the
difference between the private and public sectors remains the same over the
past 10 years.
DESIGN OF SURVEY
Survey was design with
multiple option (a,b,c,d) Student could selected two answer if they like.
Some evidences
|
SURVEY AT PUBLIC SCHOOL
|
|||||
|
# Question
|
Answer
options
|
||||
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
E
|
|
|
1
|
9
|
3
|
7
|
1
|
|
|
2
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
12
|
|
4
|
17
|
3
|
0
|
|
|
|
5
|
7
|
10
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
6
|
5
|
13
|
2
|
0
|
|
|
7
|
2
|
9
|
9
|
0
|
|
|
8
|
18
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
|
|
9
|
4
|
16
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
10
|
14
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
ANALYSING DATAS
|
QUESTIONS AND
THEIR ANALISSIS
|
||||
|
1.Which
is you more difficult of English skill?
|
2.How time do you have English
subject for week?
|
3 When you have English class, you
working?
|
4
When you
listen to the audios, you understand?
|
5
Do you speak
in English into to class?
|
|
It is
prominent that the ability that students have the most difficulty is speaking
a second language followed by writing since the percentage difference is
minimal.
|
Observed
that the national public system has only allocated between 1-3 hours of
English per week for this school, clearly there are very few intensity of
hours to achieve the objective of acquiring a good level in the second
language.
|
Grammar
in the learning of a second language, even in the mother tongue, is
fundamental, but different teaching methods must be used where the student
learns grammar but at the same time develops their skills.
|
The
students of Guillermo León Valencia educational institution at the time of
practicing listening do not understand very well, that means that due to the
low intensity of hours they cannot quickly acquire said ability.
|
50%
of students say they do not practice speaking, followed by 35% who say
little, we can infer that during the class it is not compulsory to speak
English in order to have better learning results.
|
|
6 Have
you ever written a poem, text or short story in English?
|
7 Teacher
use ICT tools in the English class?
|
8 Have you ever participated in a stage play
in your English class?
|
9 Do
you think that is necessarily have more English class for week?
|
10 What do you think that is the most
important skill in the English Learning?
|
|
The writing
process is essential for the development of this ability, motivate students
to create their own stories, whether real or science fiction, the result
shows that very few students do often, most students surveyed say they rarely
perform this exercise class.
|
The
ICTS are fundamental for the learning process in all educational areas, the
survey shows a positive result since more than 50% of students say that
sometimes teachers use and apply these teaching tools.
|
It
may not be common to make plays in English, but in every school they do an
"English festival", in this type of events the teachers could
redesign the scheme and not conform to a song, create new methodologies and
practices it makes students have a long-term memory and develop their English
speaking and interpretive skills.
|
Increase
hours per week improves learning of English as the Ministry of Education
requires a high level to graduate from high school, so it is essential to
give priority to learning a second language.
|
Students
think that the most important skill is speaking, since that way they can
communicate with people from other countries and that they can open more job
opportunities for their professional work.
|
RESULTS
During
the process I was observing that teacher use same method every years, they
aren’t implementing more didactics activities, survey applied show interesting
result, Student need more hours class for week because they have just 1-3 per
week, this is important as educational System have a high standard, when students
have English class they don’t have an intensity class, teacher don’t use tools
like ICTs or didactics, most time teacher focus only grammar, so this is
necessary but develop skills also, few student can understand listening because
they aren’t get used to that activities or in class is not an obligation speech
in English, principally student must use
command in class like actions, expressions, greeting and so on.
Other
hand, is fundamental that organized some lot activities as they haven’t listening,
speaking, reading or writing survey show that the method or skill that the
teacher use is grammar, so teacher can have mixed grammar with other skill in
this way improve all student´s skill.
Finally,
when they don’t use all scenarios for the English practices get a consequence
with the student´s develop, students could be creating stories, get a
participation in short plays and read book of real or unreal stories.
Discussion
In
my opinion public education have a long branch with the privacy education,
National Education System have a good strategies, but teacher don’t apply all
method with respect to English teaching,
they are just focus on grammar process but they aren’t applying other
ways like ICTs, plays, interactions, all academics periods get copy from to
students, I think that teachers need to organize their scheduler and divide
from skills, for example first academic period can work grammar plus writing,
all activities should be focus in this skills, the second period grammar plus
speaking and so on.
To
learn second language is a team work, in this case Ministry of National
Education, teachers, students and so on, Ministry can change lesson plan or
topics but teacher don’t use new method the strategies been obsolete and don’t
have a really change.
REFERENCIES
Implementation of bilingual
schooling in the Spanish education system: towards a European quality
education, recovered from:
Is Colombia Becoming Bilingual?
Analysis of the Academic Gap in English Language Education between the Public
and Private Sectors, recovered from:
Teaching English in the basic
education of adolescents and adults, recovered from:
Colombia, lagging behind in English due to the lack of
trained teachers
English
interactive project in primary basics and high school: my context invites me to
learn and recreate. Retrieved from:
Childhood and primary school,(MEN),
retrieved from:
Colombia, lagging behind in English due to the lack of
trained teachers
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